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Kollam Port is one of India's 20 major ports situated from Downtown Kollam (formerly Quilon).〔(Kollam, Ashtamudi Lake - great alternatives to Kochi, Vembanad Lake )〕 It is the second largest port in Kerala by volume of cargo handled and facilities. Located on the south west coast of India, under the name of Quilon Port it became one of the country's most important trade hubs from the ninth to the seventeenth centuries. It was founded by Mar Abo at Thangasseri in 825 as an alternative to reopening the inland sea port (kore-ke-ni kollam) near Backare, (Thevalakkara) also known as Nelcynda and Tyndis (''now known as Thekkumbagam'') to the Romans and Greeks and Thondi to the Tamils. V. Nagam Aiya in his ''Travancore State Manual'' records that in 822, two Nestorian Bishops Mar Sabor and Mar Proth, settled in Quilon with their followers. Two years later the Malabar Era began (824) and Quilon became the premier city of the Malabar Coast region ahead of Travancore and Cochin〔Aiyya, V.V Nagom, State Manual p. 244〕 == History == Kollam was a port city of the Chera Dynasty until the formation of the independent Venad kingdom, of which it became the capital. Prior to that, Kollam was considered one of the four early entrepots in the global sea trade around the 13th century, along with Alexandria and Cairo in Egypt, the Chinese city of Quanzhou, and Malacca in the Malaysian archipelago. The port was founded by Mar Abo with sanction from Udayamarthandavarma the Tamil king of the Venad in 825 as an alternative to reopening the inland sea port of Kore-ke-ni Kollam near Backare (Thevalakara) also known as Nelcynda and Tyndis to the Romans and the Greeks and Thondi to the Taamils and is also the foundation of the new city. It is also believed that Mar Abo actually volunteered to the Chera king to create a new sea port town near at Kollam instead of his request for renewing the almost vanishing Tyndis or Nelcynda inland sea port ( kore-ke-ni) at Kollam, lying idle without trade for a few centuries because of the Cheras being overrun by Pallavas in the 6th century AD ending the spice trade from Malabar coast. This allowed Mar Abo to stay for many decades in Chera kingdom and streamline Christian faith among the Nampoothiri Vaishnavites &Nair sub castes in the St. Thomas tradition with Syrian liturgy as Reference for the Doctrine of Trinity without replacing the Sanskrit and Vedic prayers.〔History of Kollam city and Kollam Port (Quilon.com )〕 The Chinese traders were one of the oldest foreign communities to settle in Kollam. That was the period when Kollam evolved as a major trade center (of spices) and an important port along the Malabar coast. In January 2014, the port trust discovered thousands of Chinese coins and stone age weapons at Kollam Port, revealing the historic background and trade culture of the port city.〔(Coins found from Kollam Port )〕〔(Artifacts found from Kerala's ancient Port City )〕 This was the first discovery of such a quantity of artifacts at a port in India. These finds reveal that Kollam was the most important port city in India, which served as the business hub of people from China, Middle East, the Netherlands, Portugal, Brazil and other Eastern Mediterranean countries.〔(Emergence of antiques triggers treasure hunt in Kollam )〕〔(Shards of the past point to Kollam port’s glory days )〕 Archaeologists believe that an engulfed city lies on the seabed of current Kollam Port. Today, ships frequently anchor at the port for shipping operations as well for urgent repairs when required.〔(Ship berths at Kollam port )〕 Chief Minister Oommen Chandy launched the Coastal Shipping Project (CSP) at Kollam Port on 9November 2013 while passenger ships began operations in 2014.〔''(Passenger ships will start from Kollam this year: Chandy )''. Accessed 17 December 2013.〕 The first container ship, ''MV Suryamukhi'' arrived at Kollam port as part of the coastal shipping project on 18January 2014, after a two month delay.〔(First Container Ship in Kollam Port )〕 Major shipping companies are now showing interest in the port to commence shipping operations. The companies have plans to choose the port as an intermediate base. At present, about four companies have assured their frequent presence at the port. Sooryamukhi, the chartered ship of Kerala State Maritime Development Corporation has sailed to Mudra Port in Gujarat to load tiles and building materials. The Great Sea Shipping Company will also berth at the port soon, carrying cashew from Kochi.〔(Shipping companies evince interest in Kollam Port )〕 After modernization of the port, the first foreign ship anchored in the port on 4 April 2014.〔(Foreign Ship Reaches Kollam Port )〕 Now it is proven that huge foreign ships can easily operate from Kollam Port. The tugs ''MT Chaliyar'' and ''MT Kerala'' along with a new German made Rs. 12 crore crane are used for the maritime operations in the port. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kollam Port」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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